US Policy and Practice of Targeted Killingunder International Humanitarian Law
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Abstract
Los ataques letales selectivos contra líderes de Al Qaeda y de las fuerzas asociadas se convertido en un elemento esencial de la política estadounidense de lucha contra el terrorismo. La intensificación de la práctica durante la administración Obama generó una creciente crítica y la reclamación de una justificación jurídica de la misma. Estados Unidos ha intentado justificar el recurso a la fuerza letal combinando argumentos relativos a la existencia de un conflicto armado global con Al Qaeda, no limitado al campo de batalla de Afganistán, y a la legítima defensa frente a una amenaza inminente. Se trata de argumentos sumamente controvertidos y que cuentan con escaso apoyo por parte de otros Estados y de la doctrina. El análisis de la postura de EE.UU. requiere el examen de cuestiones nucleares como el umbral de existencia de un conflicto armado así como la determinación de su naturaleza, la participación directa en las hostilidades, la legítima defensa y la implicación del Estado territorial donde tienen lugar los ataques selectivos como tercer país.
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