Mary, «Pearl», and Sir John Stanley (d. 1414)
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Pearl es un poema medieval inglés que se conserva en el manuscrito ms Cotton Nero A.x en la British Library de Londres. Fue escrito alrededor del año 1400. Tiene la misma atribución que los poemas escriturales Patience y Cleanness y el romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, que se hallan en el mismo manuscrito. Los cuatro textos dan mucha información sobre la vida social del siglo catorce, la vida religiosa incluida, sobre todo la devoción a la Virgen. El análisis de la imagen mariana en Pearl y en los otros textos dice mucho sobre las actitudes hacia la madre de Cristo de un laico, alto cargo de provincias del año 1390, en especial al considerar a María como «Reina de los cielos» y «Reina de Cortesía», esto es, como símbolo de los valores de la sociedad cortesana. El análisis tal vez confirme, por otras razones, la atribución de los cuatro poemas a Sir John Stanley (m. 1414), político y cortesano que en los últimos treinta años de su vida dominó la vida política de Lancashire y Cheshire en el norte-oeste de Inglaterra.
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