An online experiment on the influence of online user comments on attitudes toward a minority group
Main Article Content
Abstract
Keywords
References
Asch, S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgements. In H. Guetzkow (Ed.), Groups, leadership and men (pp. 177-190). Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Press.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Blanchard, F. A., Crandall, C. S., Brigham, J. C. & Vaughn, L. A. (1994). Condemning and condoning racism: A social context approach to interracial settings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), 993–997. http://www.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.79.6.993
Bruns, A. (2008). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: From production to produsage. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
Chen, G. M. & Ng, Y. M. (2016). Third-person perception of online comments: Civil ones persuade you more than me. Computers in Human Behavior, 55(2), 736–742. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.10.014
Cialdini, R. B. & Goldstein, N. J. (2004). Social influence: compliance and conformity. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 591-621. https://www.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015
Deutsch, M. & Gerard, H. B. (1955). A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51(3), 629-636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0046408
Erjavec, K. & Kovačič, M. P. (2012). “You don’t understand, this is a new war!” Analysis of hate speech in news web sites’ comments. Mass Communication and Society, 15(6), 899-920. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2011.619679
Graf, J., Erba, J. & Harn, R-W. (2017). The role of civility and anonymity on perceptions of online comments. Mass Communication and Society, 20(4), 526-549. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2016.1274763
Han, S. H., Brazeal, L. M. & Pennington, N. (2018). Is civility contagious? Examining the impact of modeling in online political discussions. Social Media + Society, 4(3), 1-12. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/2056305118793404
Harlow, S. (2015). Story-chatterers stirring up hate: Racist discourse in reader comments on US newspaper websites. Howard Journal of Communications, 26(1), 21-42. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/10646175.2014.984795
Houston, J. B., Hansen, G. J. & Nisbett, G. S. (2011). Influence of user comments on perceptions of media bias and third-person effect in online news. Electronic News, 5(2), 79-92. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1931243111407618
Hsueh, M., Yogeeswaran, K. & Malinen, S. (2015). “Leave your comment below”: Can biased online comments influence our own prejudicial attitudes and behaviors? Human Communication Research, 41(4), 557-576. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12059
Jahng, M. R. (2018). From reading comments to seeking news: Exposure to disagreements from online comments and the need for opinion-challenging news. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 15(2), 142-154. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2018.1449702
Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York, NY: New York University Press.
Kim, N. & Wojcieszak, M. (2018). Intergroup contact through online comments: Effects of direct and extended contact on outgroup attitudes. Computers in Human Behavior, 81, 63- 72. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.11.013
Ksiazek, T. B., Peer, L. & Lessard, K. (2016). User engagement with online news: Conceptualizing interactivity and exploring the relationship between online news videos and user comments. New Media & Society, 18(3), 502-520. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1461444814545073
Larsson, A. O. (2011). Interactive to me–interactive to you? A study of use and appreciation of interactivity on Swedish newspaper websites. New Media & Society, 13(7), 1180-1197. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1461444811401254
Lee, E. J. (2012). That’s not the way it is: How user‐generated comments on the news affect perceived media bias. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 18(1), 32-45. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2012.01597.x
Lee, E. J. & Jang, Y. J. (2010). What do others’ reactions to news on Internet portal sites tell us? Effects of presentation format and readers’ need for cognition on reality perception. Communication Research, 37(6), 825-846. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0093650210376189
Lee, M. J. & Chun, J. W. (2016). Reading others’ comments and public opinion poll results on social media: Social judgment and spiral of empowerment. Computers in Human Behavior, 65(2), 479-487. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.007
Liu, Q., Zhou, M. & Zhao, X. (2015). Understanding News 2.0: A framework for explaining the number of comments from readers on online news. Information & Management, 52(7), 764-776. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.01.002
Mainwaring, C. (2008). On the edge of exclusion: The changing nature of migration in Cyprus and Malta. Cyprus Review, 20(2), 19–49. Retrieved from http://www.cyprusreview.org/index.php/cr/article/view/247
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory. (6th edition). London, UK: Sage Milioni, D. L., Spyridou, L. P. & Vadratsikas, K. (2015). Framing immigration in online media and television news in crisis-stricken Cyprus. The Cyprus Review, 27(1), 155-185. Retrieved from http://cyprusreview.org/index.php/cr/article/view/63
Minard, R. D. (1952). Race relationships in the Pocahontas coal field. Journal of Social Issues, 8(1), 29-44. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1952.tb01592.x
Reagle, J. M. Jr. (2015). Reading the Comments: Likers, Haters, and Manipulators at the Bottom of the Web. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press Reich, Z. (2011). User comments: The transformation of participatory space. In J. B. Singer, A. Hermida, D. Domingo, A. Heinonen, S. Paulussen, T. Quandt & M. Vujnovic (Eds.), Participatory journalism: Guarding open gates at online newspapers (pp. 96-117). New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell.
Rösner, L., Winter, S. & Krämer, N. C. (2016). Dangerous minds? Effects of uncivil online comments on aggressive cognitions, emotions, and behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 58(2), 461-470. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.01.022
Sherif, M. & Hovland, C. I. (1961). Social judgment: Assimilation and contrast effects in communication and attitude change. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Sherif, M. & Sherif, C. W. (1967). Attitude as an individual’s own categories: The social judgement–involvement approach to attitude and attitude change. In C. W. Sherif & M. Sherif (Eds.), Attitude, ego-involvement, and change (pp. 105-139). New York, NY: Wiley.
Shi, R., Messaris, P. & Cappella, J. N. (2014). Effects of online comments on smokers’ perception of antismoking public service announcements. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(4), 975-990. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12057
Stroud, N. J., Van Duyn, E. & Peacock, C. (2016). News commenters and news comment readers. Retrieved from https://engagingnewsproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/ENP-News-Commenters-and-Comment-Readers1.pdf
Sung, K. H. & Lee, M. J. (2014). Do online comments influence the public’s attitudes toward an organization? Effects of online comments based on individuals’ prior attitudes. The Journal of Psychology, 14(4), 325-338. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2013.879847
Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33-47). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Tewksbury, D. & Rittenberg, J. (2012). News on the Internet: Information and citizenship in the 21st century. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Turner, J. C. (1991). Social influence. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
Velasco, T. (2016). The effects of Latino stereotypes and negative online comments. Master’s Thesis. The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/openview/025a3306918540d3c12d237fddd40c5a/1?pqorigsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Walther, J. B., DeAndrea, D., Kim, J. & Anthony, J. C. (2010). The influence of online comments on perceptions of antimarijuana public service announcements on YouTube. Human Communication Research, 36(4), 469-492. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2010.01384.x
Winter, S., Brückner, C. & Krämer, N. C. (2015). They came, they liked, they commented: Social influence on Facebook news channels. Cyberpsychology, Behavior & Social Networking, 18(8), 431-436. https://www.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0005
Winter, S. & Krämer, N. C. (2016). Who’s right: The author or the audience? Effects of user comments and ratings on the perception of online science articles. Communications, 41(3), 339-360. https://www.doi.org/10.1515/commun-2016-0008
Winter, S., Krämer, N. C., Benninghoff, B. & Gallus, C. (2018). Shared entertainment, shared opinions: The influence of social TV comments on the evaluation of talent shows. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 62(1), 21-37. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2017.1402903
Details
Article Details
RIGHTS TRANSFER
By submitting the article for evaluation and subsequent publication in Communication & Society, the AUTHOR exclusively assigns the rights of public communication, reproduction, distribution and sale for commercial exploitation to the University of Navarra through its Publications Service, for the maximum legal term in force -the entire life of the author and seventy years after his death or declaration of death-, in any country, and in any of the current and future edition modalities, both in print and electronic versions.
In the event that the article is not accepted for publication , this transfer of rights lapses with the communication of the refusal to the AUTHOR.
The AUTHOR affirms that the article is unpublished, that it has not been sent simultaneously to another publication medium and that the rights have not been transferred exclusively previously. He is responsible to the University of Navarra through its Publications Service for the authorship and originality of his work, as well as for all pecuniary charges that may arise for the University of Navarra through its Publications Service, in favor of third parties due to actions, claims or conflicts arising from the breach of obligations by the AUTHOR.