Ibermedia as a collaborative space for film co-production policy? A stakeholder analysis on decision-making processes
Article Sidebar
144)
Main Article Content
Authors
Abstract
270
Ibermedia is the most important institution in the Ibero-American audiovisual space. It was created as a result of a bottom-up project that aims to include stakeholders in policy-making. The paper investigates the participation of stakeholders in the Ibermedia decision-making in order to assess if it maintains its original cooperative character. We applied the salience theory to identify who and why is being taken into account by the organization. Our findings are based on a literature review, qualitative document analysis, and semi-structured expert interviews. The findings reveal that Ibermedia maintains its bottom-up proposal and the stakeholders can impact its policies. The interactions are marked by informal relations and affection. The stakeholders consider Ibermedia vital and are generally satisfied with its functioning, besides its low budget. The paper provides an overview of the internal functioning of Ibermedia, revealing the level of interaction with the stakeholders and contributes to add light in the lack of transparency.
Keywords
References
Aaltonen, K., Jaakko, K. & Tuomas, O. (2008). Stakeholder salience in global projects. International Journal of Project Management, 26(5), 509-516. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2008.05.004
Agle, B. R., Mitchell, R. K. & Sonnenfeld, J. A. (1999). Who Matters to CEOs? An Investigation of Stakeholder Attributes and salience, corporate performance, and CEO values. Academy of Management Journal, 42(5), 507-525.
Arenal, C. del (2005). La cumbres Iberoamericanas: El largo y difícil camino hacia su institucionalización. América Latina Hoy, 57-72.
Barakat, S. R., Freitas, L. P., Boaventura, J. M. G. & MacLennan, M. L. F. (2016). Legitimidade: uma análise da evolução do conceito na teoria dos stakeholders. Revista de Ciências Da Administração, 66-80. https://www.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8077.2016v18n44p66
Barnett, M. & Duvall, R. (2005). Power in international politics. International Organization, 59(1), 39-75. https://www.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818305050010
Béland, D. (2009). Ideas, institutions, and policy change. Journal of European Public Policy, 16(5), 701-718. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/13501760902983382
Bryson, J. M. (2004). What to do when stakeholders matter: Stakeholder Identification and analysis techniques. Public Management Review, 6(1), 21-53. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/14719030410001675722
Camacho, M. Y. (2016). El espacio audiovisual iberoamericano (EAI): un proyecto regional. México D.F.: Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora.
Cammaerts, B. (2011). Power dynamics in Multi-Stakeholder Policy Processes and Intra-Civil Society Networking. The Handbook of Global Media and Communication Policy, 129-146. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/9781444395433.ch8
Cammaerts, B. & Carpentier, N. (2006). The unbearable lightness of full participation in a global context: WSIS and civil society participation. Towards a Sustainable Information Society: Deconstructing WSIS, 8, 17-49.
Cashore, B., Bernstein, S., Humphreys, D., Visseren-Hamakers, I. & Rietig, K. (2019). Designing stakeholder learning dialogues for effective global governance. Policy and Society, 38(1), 118-147. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2019.1579505
De Bussy, N. M. & Kelly, L. (2010). Stakeholders, politics and power: Towards an understanding of stakeholder identification and salience in government. Journal of Communication Management, 14(4), 289-305 . https://www.doi.org/10.1108/13632541011090419
Domínguez, J. M. M. (2008). Diversidad audiovisual e integración cultural: analizando el programa Ibermedia. Comunicación y Sociedad, 9, 95-118.
Donders, K. & Raats, T. (2012). Analysing national practices after European state aid control: Are multi-stakeholder negotiations beneficial for public service broadcasting? Media, Culture and Society, 34(2), 162-180. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0163443711430756
Donders, K., van den Bulck, H. & Raats, T. (2019). The politics of pleasing: a critical analysis of multistakeholderism in Public Service Media policies in Flanders. Media, Culture and Society, 41(3), 347-366. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0163443718782004
Eesley, C. & Lenox, M. J. (2006). Firm responses to secondary stakeholder action. Strategic Management Journal, 27(8), 765-781. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/smj.536
Falicov, T. L. (2007). Programa Ibermedia: Co-Production and the Cultural Politics of Constructing an Ibero-American Audiovisual Space. Spectator, 27(2), 21-30.
Fernandes, M. R., Loisen, J. & Donders, K. (2021). Mercosur caught between lofty ambitions and modest achievements : a critical analysis of 16 years of audiovisual policy-making. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 27(4), 544-558. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2020.1786544
Freedman, D. (2006). Dynamics of power in contemporary media policy-making. Media, Culture and Society, 28(6), 907-923. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0163443706068923
Freedman, D. (2008). The Politics of Media Policy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Freedman, D. (2010). Media Policy Silences : The Hidden Face of Communications Decision Making. International Journal of Press/Politics, 15(3), 344-361. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/1940161210368292
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://www.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139192675
Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J., Hicks, A. C., Parmar, B. & de Colle, S. (2010). Stakeholder Theory: The state of the art. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Friedman, A. L. & Miles, S. (2006). Stakeholders: Theory and Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.
Getino, O. (2007). Cine iberoamericano: Los desafíos del nuevo siglo. Buenos Aires: CICCUS.
González, L. (2020). Los 20 años del Programa Ibermedia : consolidación y nuevas dinámicas de cooperación para el cine iberoamericano. Revista Eptic, 22(3), 25-44.
Gregory, A. J., Atkins, J. P., Midgley, G. & Hodgson, A. M. (2020). Stakeholder identification and engagement in problem structuring interventions. European Journal of Operational Research, 283(1), 321-340. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2019.10.044
Heikkila, T. & Gerlak, A. K. (2013). Building a conceptual approach to collective learning: Lessons for public policy scholars. Policy Studies Journal, 41(3), 484-512. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/psj.12026
Herzog, C. & Ali, C. (2015). Elite interviewing in media and communications policy research. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, 11(1), 37-54 . https://www.doi.org/10.1386/macp.11.1.37_1
Herzog, C. & Karppinen, K. (2014). Policy streams and public service media funding reforms in Germany and Finland. European Journal of Communication, 29(4), 416-432 . https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0267323114530581
Hintz, A. & Milan, S. (2009). At the margins of Internet governance: grassroots tech groups and communication policy. International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics, 5(1), 23-38. https://www.doi.org/10.1386/macp.5.1-2.23_1
Ibermedia. (2021). Reporte anual convocatoria 2020 (Vol. 1).
Johnson, C., Dowd, T. J. & Ridgeway, C. L. (2006). Legitimacy as a social process. Annual Review of Sociology, 32, 53-78. https://www.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.32.061604.123101
Karppinen, K. & Moe, H. (2011). What we talk about when we talk about document analysis. In N. Just & M. Puppis (Eds.), Trends in Communication Policy Research: New Theories, Methods and Subjects (pp. 159-173). Bristol: Intellect.
Kingdon, J. W. (2014). Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policy (Second). Essex: Pearson.
Laplume, A. O., Sonpar, K. & Litz, R. A. (2008). Stakeholder theory: Reviewing a theory that moves us. Journal of Management, 34, 1152-1189. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0149206308324322
Lund, A. B. (2016). A Stakeholder Approach to Media Governance. In G. F. Lowe & B. Charles (Eds.), Managing Media Firms and Industries (pp. 103-120). Cham: Springer. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08515-9
McCann, E. & Ward, K. (2012). Policy Assemblages, Mobilities and Mutations: Toward a Multidisciplinary Conversation. Political Studies Review, 10(3), 325-332. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-9302.2012.00276.x
Mitchell, R. K., Agle, B. R. & Wood, D. J. (1997). Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience: Defining the principle of who and what really counts. Academy of Management Review, 22(4), 853-886. https://www.doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1997.9711022105
Mitchell, R. K., Lee, J. H. & Agle, B. R. (2017). Stakeholder Prioritization Work: The Role of Stakeholder Salience in Stakeholder Research. Stakeholder Management, 123-157. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/s2514-175920170000006
Moguillansky, M. (2019). Ibermedia, crisis y después: acerca de las transformaciones recientes de la coproducción iberoamericana. Archivos de La Filmoteca, 76(1), 21-34.
Neville, B. A., Bell, S. J. & Whitwell, G. J. (2011). Stakeholder Salience Revisited: Refining, Redefining, and Refueling an Underdeveloped Conceptual Tool. Journal of Business Ethics, 102(3), 357-378. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0818-9
Padovani, C. & Pavan, E. (2011). Actors and Interactions in Global Communication Governance: The Heuristic Potential of a Network Approach. The Handbook of Global Media and Communication Policy, 543–563. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/9781444395433.ch33
Parent, M. M. & Deephouse, D. L. (2007). A case study of stakeholder identification and prioritization by managers. Journal of Business Ethics, 75(1), 1-23. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9533-y
Pedrini, M., & Ferri, L. M. (2019). Stakeholder management: a systematic literature review. Corporate Governance (Bingley), 19(1), 44-59. https://www.doi.org/10.1108/CG-08-2017-0172
Phillips, R. (2003). Stakeholder Legitimacy. Business Ethics Quarterly, 13(1), 25-41.
Prince, R. (2012). Policy transfer, consultants and the geographies of governance. Progress in Human Geography, 36(2), 188-203. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0309132511417659
Puppis, M. (2019). Analyzing Talk and Text I: Qualitative Content Analysis. In H. Van, M. Puppis, K. Donders & L. van Audenhove (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research (pp. 367-384). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16065-4_21
Radaelli, C. M. (2000). Policy transfer in the European Union: Institutional isomorphism as a source of legitimacy. Governance, 13(1), 25-43. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/0952-1895.00122
Raymond, M. & Denardis, L. (2015). Multistakeholderism: Anatomy of an inchoate global institution. International Theory, 7(3), 572-616. https://www.doi.org/10.1017/S1752971915000081
Sabatier, P. A & Jenkins-Smith, H. (1999). The Advocacy Coalition Framework: An Assessment. In P. A. Sabatier (Ed.), Theories of the Policy Process (pp. 117-166). Boulder: Westview.
Sanderink, L. & Nasiritousi, N. (2020). How institutional interactions can strengthen effectiveness: The case of multi-stakeholder partnerships for renewable energy. Energy Policy, 141(Sept. 2019), 111447. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111447
Santana, A. (2012). Three Elements of Stakeholder Legitimacy. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(2), 257-265. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0966-y
Steemers, J. (2017). Industry Engagement with Policy on Public Service Television for Children: BBC Charter Review and the Public Service Content Fund. Media Industries, 4(1), 1-16.
Stone, D. (2012). Transfer and translation of policy. Policy Studies, 33(6), 483-499. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2012.695933
Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing Legitimacy: Strategic and Institutional Approaches. The Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571-610.
Van den Bulck, H. (2012). Towards a Media Policy Process Analysis Model and its Methodological Implications. In N. Just & M. Puppis (Eds.), Trends in Communication Policy Research: New Theories, Methods and Subjects (pp. 2017-2232). Bristol: Intellect.
Villazana, L. (2008). Hegemony Conditions in the coproduction Cinema of Latin America: The Role of Spain. The Journal of Cinema and Media, 49(2), 65-85.
Villazana, L. (2009). Transnational Financial Structures in the Cinema of Latin America: Programa Ibermedia in Study. Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag.
Vlassis, A. (2017). The review of the audiovisual media services directive many political voices for one digital Europe? Politique Europeenne, 56(2), 102-123. https://www.doi.org/10.3917/poeu.056.0102
Wood, D. J., Mitchell, R. K., Agle, B. R. & Bryan, L. M. (2021). Stakeholder Identification and Salience After 20 Years: Progress, Problems, and Prospects. Business and Society, 60(1), 196-245. https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0007650318816522
Zamorano, M. M., & Bonet, L. (2018). The reshaping of Ibero-American cultural diplomacy in the beginning of the 21st century: the declining of the Spanish historical hegemony ? International Journal of Cultural Policy, 24(5), 664-680. https://www.doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2018.1514035
Metrics
|
|
Details
Article Details
RIGHTS TRANSFER
By submitting the article for evaluation and subsequent publication in Communication & Society, the AUTHOR exclusively assigns the rights of public communication, reproduction, distribution and sale for commercial exploitation to the University of Navarra through its Publications Service, for the maximum legal term in force -the entire life of the author and seventy years after his death or declaration of death-, in any country, and in any of the current and future edition modalities, both in print and electronic versions.
In the event that the article is not accepted for publication , this transfer of rights lapses with the communication of the refusal to the AUTHOR.
The AUTHOR affirms that the article is unpublished, that it has not been sent simultaneously to another publication medium and that the rights have not been transferred exclusively previously. He is responsible to the University of Navarra through its Publications Service for the authorship and originality of his work, as well as for all pecuniary charges that may arise for the University of Navarra through its Publications Service, in favor of third parties due to actions, claims or conflicts arising from the breach of obligations by the AUTHOR.
