The Updating of Role through Voice in the Interaction of Medical Consultations
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The present paper explores the relationship between the concepts of voice (Bachtin) and role (Goffman 1961), and its consequences in the achievement of facework (Goffman 1967) in doctor-patient interaction. On the theoretical basis of Sociocultural Pragmatics (Bravo 2020), three extracts of primary care consultations in Galicia are submitted to a qualitative analysis. The results show that the interactants use voices that are characteristic of their respective roles as doctor and patient, but they exchange also their respective voices or turn to other external voices that are recontextualized in the specific situation. As a discursive strategy, the management of voices is part of the creation of facework, that is, politeness and selfface behaviors that confirm the interactants’ face role. In addition, the analysis shows that voice constitutes a discursive resource that contributes to the updating and redefinition of roles in the interaction.
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